Chemical+Proccess

=__**Chemical Proccess**__=

**Gas Phase**
In the gas phase sulfur dioxide is oxygenated by a reaction with the hydroxyl radical using an intermolecular reaction: SO2 + OH· → HOSO2· which is followed by: HOSO2· + O2 → HO2· + SO3 <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 86)"><span style="color: rgb(13, 22, 15)">In the presence of water, Sulfur Trioxide (SO3) is converted rapidly to Sulfuric Acid : <span style="color: rgb(43, 8, 8)"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 86)">SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l) <span style="color: rgb(43, 8, 8)"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 86)"><span style="color: rgb(9, 22, 14)">Nitric Acid is formed by the reaction of OH with Nitrogen Dioxide : <span style="color: rgb(30, 0, 0)"><span style="color: rgb(43, 8, 8)"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 86)">NO2 + OH· → HNO3

<span style="color: rgb(255, 139, 0)">Chemistry in cloud droplets-
<span style="color: rgb(239, 115, 26)"><span style="color: rgb(244, 152, 113)"><span style="color: rgb(135, 18, 151)"><span style="color: rgb(204, 80, 20)"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0)">When clouds are present the loss rate of Sulfur Dioxide is faster than can be explained by gas phase chemistry alone. This is due to reactions in the liquid water droplets.

<span style="color: rgb(230, 144, 5)">Hydrolysis-
Sulfur dioxide dissolves in water and then, like carbon dioxide, hydrolyzes in a state of rest or balance: <span style="color: rgb(236, 54, 134)"><span style="color: rgb(243, 18, 18)"><span style="color: rgb(230, 15, 105)"><span style="color: rgb(239, 21, 21)">S <span style="color: rgb(246, 55, 180)"><span style="color: rgb(239, 21, 21)">O2 (g)+ H2O <span style="color: rgb(231, 13, 13)">S<span style="color: rgb(249, 6, 6)">O2·H2O    <span style="color: rgb(251, 65, 157)"><span style="color: rgb(246, 55, 180)"><span style="color: rgb(241, 75, 165)"><span style="color: rgb(230, 15, 15)">SO2·H2O  H++HSO3- <span style="color: rgb(230, 15, 15)">HSO3-  H++SO3

<span style="color: rgb(249, 120, 1)">Oxidation-
There are a large number of water reactions that oxidize Sulfur from S(IV) to S(VI), leading to the formation of Sulfuric Acid. The most important oxidation reactions are with the Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide and Oxygen (reactions with oxygen are catalyzed by Iron and Manganese in the cloud droplets). in the cloud droplets).